Representation of the mystical concepts in architectural form of the Safavid era

 
This article attempts to examine art as a manifestation of human civilization and also a spiritual reflection of its own time, and in this regard, architecture and urbanism as an art that has been both elitist and deeply popular throughout history due to its functional nature has been emphasized. Since in the art of Iran, especially after Islam, the most perfect period can be considered the Safavid era, in which all arts reached their peak compared to previous and subsequent periods, and according to Hegel’s thought, it can be compared with ancient Greek art that has expressed its message so completely and so harmonized with the world of sensation that it can no longer be achieved today; Therefore, Safavid architecture and urbanism as a manifestation of the spirit of its time and a mirror of Iranian-Islamic culture whose essence is mysticism is specifically the main issue and subject of our study in this article.
So by identifying and deciphering the artistic elements of this era in a hierarchical system we are to reveal in this artica the present but hidden meanings of theses arts and reach their ultimate truth, which is showing the movement towards God Almighty in Islamic mysticism. A truth that is manifested by light, patterns and color in the form of portal(Sardar), porch (Eyvan), Mehrab, dome and the small paradise and earthly Paredise of Chaharbagh, which turs the name of human era Safavid into “Allah”.